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1. History of Thermal Spraying China's thermal spraying technology began in the 1950s, when Wu Jianchun and others in Shanghai set up the first domestic specialised spraying plant, the development of oxyacetylene flame wire spraying and electrospray device, and foreign metal spraying business. In the 1960s, a few military units began to study plasma spraying technology (such as the Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Technology, Aerospace Corporation Rocket Technology Research Institute 703, aviation sector 410, 420, 430 plants and other units), began to be applied in China's military sector. To the mid to late 70s appeared many varieties of oxyacetylene flame metal powder spraying (fusion) equipment and a variety of nickel, iron, cobalt-based self-melting alloy powder and composite powder coating materials, to the rapid forward development of thermal spraying technology has laid a solid foundation. Thermal spraying materials are thermal spraying technology, "cooking food", the increase in the variety of materials and performance improvement will directly improve the quality of the coating. In machinery, metallurgy, petrochemical, electric power, railway, paper, textile, medical and health, military and national defence and many other sectors of the national economy has been widely used. In the 1990s to a new stage of development, the development of this stage is characterized by: equipment to high-energy, high enthalpy, high-speed direction; materials to the series, standardization, commercialization direction to ensure that multi-functional high-quality coating needs; process technology to the direction of mechanization, automation, such as computer control, mechanical operation, and so on. 2. Application status of thermal spraying technology Thermal spraying technology as a technology involving a wide range of processing technology is relatively simple and flexible, a wide range of applications, economic benefits of the new modern processing technology, which can make the surface with wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, adiabatic, heat-resistant, electrically conductive, insulating, anti-erosion, oxidation-resistant, friction-reducing, lubrication, radiation protection and other functions. Not only can be used for mechanical parts of the repair and surface strengthening, but also can be used for manufacturing. Due to the wide range of choice of spraying materials, not subject to the overall material alloying restrictions, can be more convenient to obtain super-hard alloys, a variety of ceramic or metal-ceramic coatings as well as a variety of functional coatings, and coatings relative to the overall high-level material for the amount of material is less than the overall improvement of the material is undoubtedly much more economical, and therefore can be boldly used in the use of valuable materials, its cost will not increase a lot, while the surface performance of the material can be obtained The cost will not increase much, but the surface performance of the material can be greatly improved, the service life of the parts repaired by thermal spraying can generally reach or even several times more than the new product. 3. Thermal spraying technology future development trend and outlook From the future development trend, the research of thermal spraying system engineering will receive more and more attention. At present, many countries have strengthened the research on thermal spray system engineering, that is, starting from the failure analysis, through the surface pretreatment, spraying equipment, spraying materials and spraying process optimisation, to develop a thermal spraying implementation process plan. In the process of development, thermal spray technology and other disciplines cross-pollinate to form a new surface treatment process. Future thermal spraying technology may be developed in the following aspects: (1) in the choice of coating materials: flame spraying technology, plasma spraying technology and supersonic flame spraying technology used in the powder-type coating materials will also be the mainstream of market demand, arc spraying technology and cold spraying technology spraying material selection, although there are certain limitations, but the future with the progress of the process and updating, but also will be further expanded. (2) in the combination strength of the coating and the substrate: cold spraying, supersonic flame spraying, supersonic plasma spraying and LPPS-TF coating and other relatively high strength of the combination with the substrate, will play a greater role. (3) In the research of basic theory: thermal spraying technology is a marginal discipline involving multiple disciplines and strong intersectionality. It is affected by high temperature, high speed and mechanical non-uniformity and other parametric factors, thermal spray technology basic theory research faces great difficulties, the basic theory of the research is particularly important. (4) In the research and development of new spraying materials: the general development trend of thermal spraying materials is: the composite and low impurity coating composition, the structure of the ultra-micro and nano, and nano-structured composite, multi-alloys and other new materials for the development of research hot spots. (5) in the spraying process and equipment research and development: to improve the coating quality and expand the key to the sprayed material is to improve the energy and speed of the sprayed particles, therefore, the improvement and development of thermal spraying process and equipment should be developed in the direction of high-energy and high-speed development. (6) in the expansion of new applications: thermal spray technology and other disciplines with each other penetration, interlinked characteristics, the use of this feature of the continuous development of new thermal spray technology, and the development of new applications of thermal spray technology. The combination of thermal spray technology and other related technologies is an effective way to explore and develop new applications of thermal spray technology. (END) This article is excerpted from a note on the wechat public account "Powder Metallurgy and Cemented Carbide Exhibition". Company product profile: Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co.,Ltd. founded in2012,is wholly-owned by iisted company XiamenTungsten Co.,Ltd (XTC).As a backbone cemented carbideenterprise of XTC with registered capital of 1.05billionRMB and first investment of ibillion RMB,GEOTOOLSspecializes in producing and selling high quality tungstenpowder,tungsten carbide powder, carbide anvils,carbideroll rings,carbidesubstrates for PDC bit,mining drill bitsand hard facing materials. Based on decades of production experience of WC based hard-facing materials, world-class technologies and modernautomatic production lines, GEOTOOLS dedicates into development and production of high quality hard facing materialwith high hardness, best wear resistance, best corrosion resistance and application solutions. XTC brand thermal spray powder mainly includes Wc- based & Cr3C2-based. The WC coating has high hardnessdurable wear resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and high bonding strength, mainly used in oil &gas valves, mining tools, injection screws and printing machinery parts, The Cr3c2 coating has higher thermalstability and anti-oxidation, which can be used in a high temperature and corrosive environment, e.g. inner- wall ogas pipeline and pump. With high degree of sphericity & excellent alloy organization, cemented carbide pellet is mainly used in weldingas an additive material of PTA powder and tubular weldina rod to improve the wear resistance of the work pieces. GEOTOOLS provides mono-crvstalline WC-based, coarse-arain wC-based, casting WC-based and other kinds ofPTA powder. With the high quality material, most advanced production lines and word-class technologies, the PTAcoating has high hardness, durable wear resistance, high welding velocity, and low porosity characteristics. Mainlyused in Mining, Oil driling, agriculture machinery, and machining for welding and repairing. The hard phase of GEOTOOLS tube rods is tunasten or its products with high wear resistance. Tubular welding rods aresuitable for flame brazing and widely used for surface strengthen for oil and mining drill bits.

[Exhibition Topic]Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools will appear at the 54th American International Oil and Gas Exhibition OTC Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, looking forward to your visit! Exhibition Name: The 54th American International Oil and Gas Exhibition OTC Date: 6th- 9th May Booth No: 4405 Address: NRG Park, 1Fanninst, Houston, TX 77054, USA Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, waiting for your visit! Exhibition introduction: Founded in 1969, Offshore Technology Conference is held once a year. With the strong support of 13 professional industry organizations such as the American Petroleum Institute, its scale and influence have expanded year by year, and it is the world's largest resource development in oil drilling, development, production, and environmental protection. Important exhibition event. COMPANY PROFILE Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co.,Ltd. founded in2012,is wholly-owned by iisted company XiamenTungsten Co.,Ltd (XTC).As a backbone cemented carbideenterprise of XTC with registered capital of 1.05billionRMB and first investment of ibillion RMB,GEOTOOLSspecializes in producing and selling high quality tungstenpowder,tungsten carbide powder, carbide anvils,carbideroll rings,carbidesubstrates for PDC bit,mining drill bitsand hard facing materials. Based on decades of production experience of WC based hard-facing materials, world-class technologies and modernautomatic production lines, GEOTOOLS dedicates into development and production of high quality hard facing materialwith high hardness, best wear resistance, best corrosion resistance and application solutions. XTC brand thermal spray powder mainly includes Wc- based & Cr3C2-based. The WC coating has high hardnessdurable wear resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and high bonding strength, mainly used in oil &gas valves, mining tools, injection screws and printing machinery parts, The Cr3c2 coating has higher thermalstability and anti-oxidation, which can be used in a high temperature and corrosive environment, e.g. inner- wall ogas pipeline and pump. With high degree of sphericity & excellent alloy organization, cemented carbide pellet is mainly used in weldingas an additive material of PTA powder and tubular weldina rod to improve the wear resistance of the work pieces. GEOTOOLS provides mono-crvstalline WC-based, coarse-arain wC-based, casting WC-based and other kinds ofPTA powder. With the high quality material, most advanced production lines and word-class technologies, the PTAcoating has high hardness, durable wear resistance, high welding velocity, and low porosity characteristics. Mainlyused in Mining, Oil driling, agriculture machinery, and machining for welding and repairing.

[Exhibition Topic]Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools will appear in Italy Milan International Thermal Spray Conference and Exhibition ITSC Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, looking forward to your visit! Exhibition Name: Italy Milan International Thermal Spray Conference and Exhibition ITSC Date: 29th Apr-1st May Booth No: 311 Address: AllianzMiCo-Milano Convention Centre, Milano Ml, Italy Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools, waiting for your visit! Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co.,Ltd. founded in2012,is wholly-owned by iisted company XiamenTungsten Co.,Ltd (XTC).As a backbone cemented carbideenterprise of XTC with registered capital of 1.05billionRMB and first investment of ibillion RMB,GEOTOOLSspecializes in producing and selling high quality tungstenpowder,tungsten carbide powder, carbide anvils,carbideroll rings,carbidesubstrates for PDC bit,mining drill bitsand hard facing materials. Based on decades of production experience of WC based hard-facing materials, world-class technologies and modernautomatic production lines, GEOTOOLS dedicates into development and production of high quality hard facing materialwith high hardness, best wear resistance, best corrosion resistance and application solutions. XTC brand thermal spray powder mainly includes Wc- based & Cr3C2-based. The WC coating has high hardnessdurable wear resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and high bonding strength, mainly used in oil &gas valves, mining tools, injection screws and printing machinery parts, The Cr3c2 coating has higher thermalstability and anti-oxidation, which can be used in a high temperature and corrosive environment, e.g. inner- wall ogas pipeline and pump. With high degree of sphericity & excellent alloy organization, cemented carbide pellet is mainly used in weldingas an additive material of PTA powder and tubular weldina rod to improve the wear resistance of the work pieces. GEOTOOLS provides mono-crvstalline WC-based, coarse-arain wC-based, casting WC-based and other kinds ofPTA powder. With the high quality material, most advanced production lines and word-class technologies, the PTAcoating has high hardness, durable wear resistance, high welding velocity, and low porosity characteristics. Mainlyused in Mining, Oil driling, agriculture machinery, and machining for welding and repairing.

1. Scope of construction of petroleum and petrochemical engineering Almost all petroleum and petrochemical construction projects are large and super-large projects.Professional scope: oil and gas treatment station, pipeline, storage tank, container, device, equipment, steel structure, all kinds of supporting facilities (water supply, power supply, communication, road, fire protection, environmental protection, etc.) and other system engineering. Industry fields: oil and gas field surface engineering construction (onshore), oil and gas storage and transportation engineering construction (storage, long distance pipeline), offshore oil engineering construction and refining and chemical engineering construction, etc. Metal materials: mainly low carbon steel and low alloy steel, as well as high-strength steel, heat-resistant steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, heat-resistant alloy, composite metal materials, etc 2. Welding construction characteristics Welding is one of the most important construction techniques in the construction of petroleum and petrochemical engineering. Large The scale of project investment and the amount of steel, and the amount of welding engineering. The scale and standardization of engineering construction, and the standardization of welding construction. Diversified material application, diverse welding process is diverse, and high standard requirements. It is relatively harsh for performance requirements of welding equipment and welding materials in on-site construction outside the room (field and moving operation site 3. Welding market demand characteristics (1) Electrode arc welding is the most commonly used welding method, and the demand for electrode arc welding equipment and electrodes is large. It is widely used in system engineering construction of various oil and gas stations, process pipelines, steel structures, equipment and installation. (2) Argon tungsten arc welding is also commonly used method, mainly for the bottom welding of important pipelines and the welding of non-ferrous metals. (3) submerged arc automatic welding and melting gas protection (self-protection) semi-automatic and automatic welding applications are increasing, and the market prospect is broad. It is mainly used in large-scale storage tank welding, long-distance pipeline welding, on-site welding of refining and chemical equipment and process installation and prefabrication production (modular production and assembly construction), and has occupied a major position. (4) The demand for conventional welding equipment is large, and the market potential of mobile automatic welding equipment adapted to the field is large. The welding power supply used is mainly arc welding generator and arc welding rectifier power supply (silicon rectifier or inverter). (5) Low carbon steel and low alloy steel welding materials are in great demand. (6) The application of special material welding and special welding process methods is increasing, and there is an urgent need for key welding technologies. (END) This article is excerpted from the wechat public number "Welder manual" a short note. Company product profile: Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co.,Ltd. founded in2012,is wholly-owned by iisted company XiamenTungsten Co.,Ltd (XTC).As a backbone cemented carbideenterprise of XTC with registered capital of 1.05billionRMB and first investment of ibillion RMB,GEOTOOLSspecializes in producing and selling high quality tungstenpowder,tungsten carbide powder, carbide anvils,carbideroll rings,carbidesubstrates for PDC bit,mining drill bitsand hard facing materials. Based on decades of production experience of WC based hard-facing materials, world-class technologies and modernautomatic production lines, GEOTOOLS dedicates into development and production of high quality hard facing materialwith high hardness, best wear resistance, best corrosion resistance and application solutions. XTC brand thermal spray powder mainly includes Wc- based & Cr3C2-based. The WC coating has high hardnessdurable wear resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and high bonding strength, mainly used in oil &gas valves, mining tools, injection screws and printing machinery parts, The Cr3c2 coating has higher thermalstability and anti-oxidation, which can be used in a high temperature and corrosive environment, e.g. inner- wall ogas pipeline and pump. With high degree of sphericity & excellent alloy organization, cemented carbide pellet is mainly used in weldingas an additive material of PTA powder and tubular weldina rod to improve the wear resistance of the work pieces. GEOTOOLS provides mono-crvstalline WC-based, coarse-arain wC-based, casting WC-based and other kinds ofPTA powder. With the high quality material, most advanced production lines and word-class technologies, the PTAcoating has high hardness, durable wear resistance, high welding velocity, and low porosity characteristics. Mainlyused in Mining, Oil driling, agriculture machinery, and machining for welding and repairing. The hard phase of GEOTOOLS tube rods is tunasten or its products with high wear resistance. Tubular welding rods aresuitable for flame brazing and widely used for surface strengthen for oil and mining drill bits.

1. Analysis of reasons for roller breakage 1.1 During the stacking of steel in the precision rolling unit, the heat of the rolled piece is transferred to the adjacent roller rings, causing the temperature of the roller rings to rise and the thermal stress to be concentrated. However, during the accident handling process, the surface temperature of the roller rings rapidly decreases, making it easy for the phenomenon of roller breakage to occur. The main reasons for stacking steel inside the unit are as follows: (1) Improper roller matching. The Morgan high-speed wire rod precision rolling unit adopts collective transmission, and the transmission speed ratio of each frame is different. Therefore, it is required that the precision rolling machine not only meets the gear transmission ratio between each frame, but also requires the outer diameter error of the roll ring of the same frame to be controlled within ± 0.05mm when matching rollers. Otherwise, the rolled piece will shake between the two frames, ultimately causing steel stacking between the frames. (2) Poor alignment of the rolling line. There are various guide grooves such as air seals, water tanks, recovery sections, and pinch rolls in the guide rails between each frame in the precision rolling unit, as well as the section from the unit outlet to the wire drawing machine. If the rolled piece is obstructed during high-speed operation, it can lead to the phenomenon of steel stacking. (3) The guide rail of the precision rolling unit is faulty. Insufficient oil and gas lubrication or cooling of the guide bearings in the precision rolling unit can lead to bearing damage, inflexible rotation of the guide rollers, jamming, and cracking, resulting in the phenomenon of steel stacking. (4) Raw material defects. There are defects in the raw material billet. During the rolling process of the precision rolling unit, local defects in the cross-section of the rolled piece cannot withstand normal pressure deformation, resulting in fracture and the formation of steel stacking phenomenon. 1.2 Unreasonable Roll Gap Setting: The roll gaps of each rolling mill should be strictly adjusted according to the roll gap range designed in the rolling program table. If the roll gap adjustment of a certain roll is less than the standard or even close to 0mm, friction will occur between the roll rings or between the roll rings and the inlet and outlet guide of the rolling mill, resulting in a sharp increase in roll ring stress and surface temperature, leading to a roll breakage accident. 1.3 Abnormal impact force on the roller ring (1) The incoming material size of the finishing mill is too large. According to different product specifications, the incoming material size of the finishing mill must be strictly controlled within the standard range. If the material shape size is too large, the impact force borne by the first rolling mill roll ring of the finishing mill is too large, resulting in deformation and increased rolling force, causing the finishing mill unit to experience roller breakage. (2) The installation of the guide is incorrect. The installation of guide rails for each rolling mill requires that the rolled parts can smoothly pass through the guide rails without causing any impact on the roll rings. Otherwise, during each pass of steel, the rolled piece will cause abnormal impact force on the roller ring, ultimately leading to the occurrence of roller breakage accidents. The poor cooling effect of the 1.4 roller ring is closely related to the usage cycle of tungsten carbide roller rings and the surface cooling effect in the actual production process. When the surface cooling of the roller ring is insufficient, the surface temperature abnormally increases, and the wear and crack rate will intensify, greatly reducing the service life of the roller ring. In severe cases, roller crushing accidents may occur. The main reasons for poor cooling effect are as follows: (1) Abnormal cooling water pressure. The water pressure for roller ring cooling is generally required to be controlled between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa. If the water pressure is too high, the cooling water is prone to splashing and cannot take away the surface heat of the roller ring in a timely manner, which affects the cooling effect. If the water pressure is too low, the cooling water cannot break through the vapor layer formed on the surface of the roller ring, affecting cooling or the water flow rate is relatively insufficient, which cannot take away the surface heat of the roller ring in a timely manner, affecting cooling. (2) Abnormal cooling water nozzle or pipeline. In the actual production process, abnormalities in the cooling water nozzle or pipeline often lead to roller ring cooling failure, abnormal surface temperature rise, and ultimately result in roller crushing accidents. The main reasons are as follows: ① The cooling water pipeline is damaged and there is a phenomenon of leakage. The cooling water is heavily diverted before reaching the roller ring, causing the surface of the roller ring to fail to achieve the expected cooling effect, ultimately leading to accidents The cooling nozzle is blocked. Due to the poor quality of the cooling water, some impurities accumulate at the cooling nozzle, causing the cooling water to be unable to spray onto the surface of the roller ring normally, affecting the cooling effect Cooling nozzle offset. Due to low installation technology or displacement of the cooling nozzle during accident handling, the cooling water cannot cool the high-temperature area of the roller ring, resulting in an increase in roller ring temperature and ultimately leading to accidents. 1.5 The installation and disassembly temperature of the roller ring does not meet the requirements. During the installation process, the temperature difference between the installation shaft, cone sleeve, and roller ring should be controlled at around 15 degrees. Otherwise, the temperature difference between the installation shaft, cone sleeve, and roller ring is too large, resulting in significant differences in thermal expansion. Firstly, it leads to abnormal interference force between the roller ring and cone sleeve, and the cone sleeve is prone to automatic detachment; The second reason is that the temperature of the roller ring is relatively low. During the pressing process, the internal stress of the roller ring is concentrated, which is accompanied by an increase in temperature during the production process, leading to increased stress and the formation of roller crushing accidents. This type of problem is particularly prominent in the winter production process, so effective measures such as insulation must be taken to control it. 1.6 The working pressure of roller ring installation is not standard. When the roller ring is installed, its working pressure is lower than the standard requirements, resulting in insufficient interference force between the roller ring and the cone sleeve, causing the cone sleeve to fall off, ultimately leading to roller breakage accidents. On the contrary, if the pressure setting for roller installation is greater than the standard, it will cause abnormal excessive interference force between the roller ring, cone sleeve, and installation shaft, resulting in the inability to remove the forced roller during roller crushing or dismantling. 1.7 There are debris on the surface of the roller ring, cone sleeve, or installation shaft. During the installation process of the roller ring, the oxide scale, floating rust, and other impurities on the surface of the roller ring, cone sleeve, or installation shaft were not thoroughly cleaned, resulting in a decrease in friction between the three, causing the roller ring to slip or fall off, ultimately leading to a roller crushing accident. 1.8 The surface of the cone sleeve and installation shaft is severely worn. After long-term use, the surface of the cone sleeve and installation shaft may experience certain wear. However, when the contact surface between the cone sleeve and the installation shaft is less than 80%, the expected interference force between the cone sleeve and the installation shaft cannot be achieved, making it easy to exit, slip, and other phenomena, ultimately leading to roller breakage accidents. 2. Related improvement measures (1) In the daily production process, strengthen online process supervision in accordance with various standard requirements, and reduce the incidence of accidents in the precision rolling unit. (2) Regularly inspect the control of material shape dimensions to ensure that the head, middle, and tail material shape dimensions of each rolling mill are controlled within the standard range. (3) Check the cooling water system of each roll during each shutdown to ensure that the surface cooling effect of the roll ring meets the standard requirements. (4) Before installation, monitor the temperature of the roller ring and installation shaft to ensure that the temperature difference is controlled within a reasonable range. Especially in winter production, insulation treatment is carried out on the roller ring before going online. (5) Develop a reasonable working pressure for the installation of the precision rolling roller ring, and regularly maintain and upkeep the roller changing trolley to ensure that the installation pressure of each roller ring is controlled within the standard range. (6) During the installation process of the roller ring, the inner surface of the roller ring, the inner and outer surfaces of the cone sleeve, and the surface of the installation shaft must be thoroughly cleaned to ensure that the surface is clean. (7) Regularly inspect the cone sleeve and installation shaft to ensure that the contact surface reaches over 80%. 3. Conclusion: By analyzing the causes of roller ring breakage and taking corresponding control measures, good results have been achieved in the actual production process, effectively reducing the incidence of roller breakage accidents, reducing unplanned downtime, and improving production efficiency. Company product profile: Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co.,Ltd. founded in2012,is wholly-owned by iisted company XiamenTungsten Co.,Ltd (XTC).As a backbone cemented carbideenterprise of XTC with registered capital of 1.05billionRMB and first investment of ibillion RMB,GEOTOOLSspecializes in producing and selling high quality tungstenpowder,tungsten carbide powder, carbide anvils,carbideroll rings,carbidesubstrates for PDC bit,mining drill bitsand hard facing materials. Based on decades of production experience of WC based hard-facing materials, world-class technologies and modernautomatic production lines, GEOTOOLS dedicates into development and production of high quality hard facing materialwith high hardness, best wear resistance, best corrosion resistance and application solutions. XTC brand thermal spray powder mainly includes Wc- based & Cr3C2-based. The WC coating has high hardnessdurable wear resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and high bonding strength, mainly used in oil &gas valves, mining tools, injection screws and printing machinery parts, The Cr3c2 coating has higher thermalstability and anti-oxidation, which can be used in a high temperature and corrosive environment, e.g. inner- wall ogas pipeline and pump. With high degree of sphericity & excellent alloy organization, cemented carbide pellet is mainly used in weldingas an additive material of PTA powder and tubular weldina rod to improve the wear resistance of the work pieces. GEOTOOLS provides mono-crvstalline WC-based, coarse-arain wC-based, casting WC-based and other kinds ofPTA powder. With the high quality material, most advanced production lines and word-class technologies, the PTAcoating has high hardness, durable wear resistance, high welding velocity, and low porosity characteristics. Mainlyused in Mining, Oil driling, agriculture machinery, and machining for welding and repairing. The hard phase of GEOTOOLS tube rods is tunasten or its products with high wear resistance. Tubular welding rods aresuitable for flame brazing and widely used for surface strengthen for oil and mining drill bits.

Abstract: Petroleum drilling tools occupy a considerable cost in petroleum drilling engineering. The working environment of drilling tools in the underground is very harsh, not only subjected to composite alternating stresses such as tension, pressure, and torsion, but also subjected to erosion and corrosion of drilling fluid. After using drilling tools for a period of time, they will produce surface wear, internal cracks, etc., resulting in the scrapping of drilling tools. Therefore, rebuilding and repairing damaged drilling tools and putting them back into use have significant economic and social benefits. This article introduces the remanufacturing and repair technology of drilling tools, including identification of drilling tool damage, classification of levels, reconstruction and repair, and inspection and evaluation. 1. Damage situation and corresponding treatment of drilling tools The reconstruction and repair technology of drilling tools is aimed at different parts and damage results of drilling tools. Fuzzy support vector machine theory is used to identify drilling tool damage and classify damage levels. Based on the classification results, drilling tools with macroscopic and microscopic damage are reconstructed and repaired, including drilling tool body repair and drilling tool joint repair. Finally, magnetic memory technology is used to detect the reconstructed drilling tools, and they can be re-entered into the well after meeting the requirements. 2. Repair of drilling tool body The friction between the drilling tool body and the wellbore wall during use can cause wear, thinning, and even puncture. The failure of the drilling tool body generally occurs 500mm below the joint, and only a few occur on the wear-resistant belt of the internal threaded joint in the thickened transition zone at the connection between the joint and the body. Laser cladding repair and reconstruction technology is a surface coating that rapidly heats and melts hard alloy powder or other wear-resistant materials under the action of a laser beam, forming a metallurgical bond with the drilling tool body, thereby improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and oxidation resistance of the drilling tool body. It has the characteristics of high welding accuracy, wide applicability, regular welding surface size, and low stress concentration. It can be used for repairing complex situations such as irregular shape of drilling tool damage, internal depth defects, and uneven pipe wall thickness. It is a highly automated reconstruction and repair technology. Therefore, appropriate repair techniques should be selected based on the different types and degrees of damage to drilling tools to meet the technical and economic requirements of drilling tool repair. 3. Repair of drilling tool joints Most failed drilling tools are caused by damage to the joint of the drilling tool. The types of joint damage are generally joint deformation, joint end face puncture, thread damage, and stress concentration fracture at the root of the thread. For the above types of drilling tool joint damage, there are several methods for reconstruction and repair: (1) Manual welding repair: Using tungsten carbide welding rods, a gas shielded arc is generated under the heat of the arc. At the same time, the melted tungsten carbide is covered on the worn surface of the joint, forming a 10mm wide and certain thickness wear-resistant band at the worn part of the joint. The advantage is that it can directly treat the damaged parts of the drilling tool on site. (2) Armor welding: using special welding pliers, 1000A DC arc welding machine, and cast tungsten carbide welded on the surface of the joint with water glass attached. The advantage is that on-site operation is simple and convenient, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to operate in low temperature, wind and rain weather conditions, and the arc temperature is high. Careful operation is required to avoid damaging the joint. (3) Oxygen acetylene overlay welding: Oxygen acetylene flame overlay welding is a multi-purpose overlay welding heat source. During overlay welding, the melting depth is shallow, the melting amount of the drilling tool body is small, the obtained overlay welding layer is thin, the surface is smooth, and the flame temperature is low. After overlay welding, the original properties of the hard alloy in the composite material can be maintained. The advantage is that the flame temperature is low and adjustable, and the repaired tungsten carbide does not melt to maintain wear resistance, with low cost. The disadvantage is high labor intensity and low melting efficiency. (4) Plasma spray welding: Using a DC arc welding machine with steep drop characteristics as the power source, a high-frequency spark is used to ignite a non transfer type plasma arc between the tungsten electrode of the spray welding gun and the nozzle. The non transfer arc flame is used to ignite the transfer type plasma arc between the tungsten electrode and the drilling tool joint. The alloy powder is continuously supplied by the powder feeder according to the required amount, and is blown into the spray welding gun by the powder feeding airflow, sprayed onto the drilling tool joint, and an alloy cladding layer is obtained on the joint. This process has high surface hardness, firm welding, and good toughness. (5) Plasma arc welding: Welding is achieved by using a compressed arc between electrodes and joints. The electrodes used are usually tungsten electrodes. Plasma arc welding has a high energy density, strong penetration ability, and can weld wear-resistant hard alloys to the surface of drilling tool joints. The advantages are good wear resistance, high welding strength, and the ability to perform large-scale processing. The disadvantages are high cost of hard alloy materials, difficult on-site operation of required equipment, and certain temperature requirements for equipment. (6) CNC cutting machining: When using cutting machining to repair the threads of drilling tools, due to the general length of drilling tools being around 9m, installation and alignment are inconvenient, manual cutting and accuracy control are not easy. Therefore, in the repair of drilling tool threads, a CNC lathe is used and a photoelectric decoder is installed on the lathe spindle to ensure that it can cut along the original thread groove. 4. Magnetic Memory Testing of Drilling Tools Metal magnetic memory testing technology is a fast non-destructive testing method that uses the metal magnetic memory effect to detect stress concentration areas in components. It can diagnose the stress concentration areas inside ferromagnetic metal components, such as micro defects and early failure, damage, etc. It is a new testing method in the field of non-destructive testing. When ferromagnetic components in the geomagnetic field environment are subjected to external loads, magnetic poles are generated in the stress concentration area, forming a demagnetization field, which minimizes the permeability of the ferromagnetic metal and forms a leakage magnetic field on the metal surface. The circumferential component of the leakage magnetic field strength has the maximum value, while the axial component changes sign and has a zero value. This irreversible change in magnetic state can still remember the location of stress concentration even after the working load is eliminated. A detection instrument based on the basic principle of metal magnetic memory effect can evaluate the degree of stress concentration and the presence of microscopic defects in drilling tool joints by recording the distribution of magnetic field intensity components perpendicular to the surface of the joint in a certain direction. By using the metal magnetic memory method to detect the repaired drilling tool body and joints, the magnetic field strength curve and gradient curve are obtained, and they are analyzed with the magnetic memory signals before and after repair, calibration drilling tools, and repair. The stress concentration changes of the reconstructed and repaired drilling tools are compared. Some magnetic memory detection indicators even exceed the detection indicators of the calibration drilling tools, which can accurately determine whether the repaired drilling tool body and joints meet on-site requirements. Therefore, magnetic memory detection technology can be used for the quality appraisal of finished drilling tools with good results. 5. Conclusion (1) The technology of drilling tool reconstruction and repair utilizes damage identification, classification, reconstruction and repair, as well as magnetic memory detection technology to safely reuse drilling tools, improve their utilization rate, and reduce drilling costs; (2) By using fuzzy support vector machine to classify the feature values of the detection samples, the state to which they belong can be obtained. When identifying and classifying the damage degree of drilling tools, it is then determined whether they need to be remanufactured based on their state; (3) Based on the actual damage location and degree of drilling tools, combined with the actual situation of drilling tool damage, an economical and efficient drilling tool remanufacturing process is selected; (4) By using metal magnetic memory detection technology to analyze the magnetic memory signal of the repaired drilling tool and detect the magnetic field distribution on the surface of the material, it can be found whether the reconstructed and repaired drilling tool meets the requirements for re entering the well. (END) This article is excerpted from the Chinese version of Li Tianren's Latest Drilling Tool Reconstruction and Repair Technology Company product profile: Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co.,Ltd. founded in2012,is wholly-owned by iisted company XiamenTungsten Co.,Ltd (XTC).As a backbone cemented carbideenterprise of XTC with registered capital of 1.05billionRMB and first investment of ibillion RMB,GEOTOOLSspecializes in producing and selling high quality tungstenpowder,tungsten carbide powder, carbide anvils,carbideroll rings,carbidesubstrates for PDC bit,mining drill bitsand hard facing materials. Based on decades of production experience of WC based hard-facing materials, world-class technologies and modernautomatic production lines, GEOTOOLS dedicates into development and production of high quality hard facing materialwith high hardness, best wear resistance, best corrosion resistance and application solutions. XTC brand thermal spray powder mainly includes Wc- based & Cr3C2-based. The WC coating has high hardnessdurable wear resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and high bonding strength, mainly used in oil &gas valves, mining tools, injection screws and printing machinery parts, The Cr3c2 coating has higher thermalstability and anti-oxidation, which can be used in a high temperature and corrosive environment, e.g. inner- wall ogas pipeline and pump. With high degree of sphericity & excellent alloy organization, cemented carbide pellet is mainly used in weldingas an additive material of PTA powder and tubular weldina rod to improve the wear resistance of the work pieces. GEOTOOLS provides mono-crvstalline WC-based, coarse-arain wC-based, casting WC-based and other kinds ofPTA powder. With the high quality material, most advanced production lines and word-class technologies, the PTAcoating has high hardness, durable wear resistance, high welding velocity, and low porosity characteristics. Mainlyused in Mining, Oil driling, agriculture machinery, and machining for welding and repairing. The hard phase of GEOTOOLS tube rods is tunasten or its products with high wear resistance. Tubular welding rods aresuitable for flame brazing and widely used for surface strengthen for oil and mining drill bits.

1. nickel-based alloy classification and grade (seven categories) : ◆ Industrial pure nickel (P41) : containing 99.5% nickel. Such as Ni200, Ni201. ◆Ni-Cu alloy (P42) : Such as: Monel 400 (Monel, Ni66Cu32) etc. ◆Ni-Cr alloy (P43) : Such as: 0Cr30Ni70 Corronel230 (Coro Nickel, Cr35Ni65) Inconel671 (Inconel, Cr50Ni50) ◆Ni-Cr-Fe alloy (P43) : Such as: Inconel600 (Inconel, Cr76Ni15Fe8) Inconel625 (Cr61Ni21Mo9Fe3) ◆Ni-Mo alloy (P44) : E.g. Hastelloy A (Hastelloy A, Ni60Mo19Fe20) Hastelloy B (0Ni65Cr28Fe5V) Hastelloy B-2 (00Ni70Mo28) ◆Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (P44) : Such as: Hastelloy C (Ni60Cr16Mo16W4) Hastelloy C-276 (000Ni60Cr16Mo16W4) Hastelloy C-4 (000Ni60Cr16Mo16Ti). ◆Ni-Fe-Cr alloy (P45) : E.g. Incoloy 800 (Inconroy, Ni32Fe46Cr21) Incoloy 825 (Ni42Fe30Cr21) 2. nickel-based alloy welding characteristics: Nickel-based alloy welding has similar problems with austenitic stainless steel welding: (1) Welding hot crack (2) Porosity: Compared with low carbon steel and low alloy steel, porosity tends to be larger, especially for unclean bevelings and welding wires. (3) Corrosion resistance: most nickel-based corrosion resistant alloys do not have much impact on corrosion resistance after welding. But for Ni-Cr, Ni-Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo series of some alloys near the heat affected zone will occur chromium deficiency phenomenon, resulting in some medium in the intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion performance decline. (4) Process characteristics: the fluidity of liquid weld metal is poor; Weld metal melting depth. 3. welding process points: (1) Correct selection of welding materials (2) Connector type: the joint type with large groove Angle and small pure edge (3) Cleaning near the groove and welding wire: the characteristics are important to prevent hot cracks and pores. (4) Preheating before welding: generally do not need to preheat before welding, the interlayer temperature should be controlled below 100 ℃. However, when the temperature of the base material is lower than 15 ° C, it should be heated to 15-20 ° C to avoid condensation of moisture. (5) Welding process: ◇ Limit the heat input, use small line amount and maintain the stability of arc voltage, and use the operation method of short arc without swing or small swing. ◇ For the small diameter pipe welding process should take forced cooling measures to reduce the high temperature residence time of the weld, increase the cooling speed of the weld. ◇ Timely cleaning of slag and splash on the weld surface after welding to prevent impurities such as S in the slag from causing embrittlement of the weld or decreasing anti-corrosion performance. (6) Post-welding heat treatment: generally not recommended post-welding heat treatment. But sometimes in order to ensure that no intergranular corrosion or stress corrosion occurs in use, heat treatment is required. 4. Classification and model of welding rod: ★GB/T13814-92 "Nickel and nickel alloy electrode" standard equivalent to the United States ANSI/AWS A5.11-89 "Nickel and nickel alloy coated electrode regulations" : (five types) ◆ Industrial pure nickel electrode: ENi-0, ENi-1 ◆Ni-Cu electrode: ENiCu-7 Ni-Cr-Fe electrode: ENiCrFe-0 to ENiCrFe-4 Ni-Mo welding rod: ENiMo-1, ENiMo-3, ENiMo-7 ◆Ni-Cr-Mo electrode: EnICRMI-0 to EnICRMI-9 ★ Coating type: Titanium-calcium type (03), alkaline (15, 16) 5. welding wire classification and model: ★ According to GB/T15620-1995 "Nickel and nickel alloy welding wire" : ◆ Industrial pure nickel wire: Ni-Cu welding wire: ERNiCu-7 ◆Ni-Cr welding wire: ERNiCr-3 Ni-Cr-Fe welding wire: ERNiCrFe-5, ERNiCrFe-6 Ni-Fe-Cr welding wire: ERNiFeCr-1, ERNiFeCr-2 Ni-Mo welding wire: ErnifECR-1, ERNiMo-2, ERNiMo-3, ERNiMo-7 ◆Ni-Cr-Mo welding wire: ErnicrMIo-1 to ErnicRMIO-4, ErnicRMIO-7 to ErnicRMIO-9 6. nickel-based alloy welding material selection principle: (1) Welding material selection of the same nickel material: ◇ Should be selected and base metal alloy series of the same welding material ◇ If there is no corrosion resistance requirement, the welding material different from the base metal alloy system can be selected, but the joint should be guaranteed to have the performance required by the design. ■ Examples: Monel 400: electrode ENiCu-7; Welding wire ERNiCu-7 Inconel600: Welding rod ENiCrFe-1; Welding wire ERNiCrFe-5 Incoloy 800H: Electrode ENiCrFe-2; Welding wire ERNiCr-3 Hastelloy C-276: Electrode ENiCrMo-4; Welding wire ernicrmio-4 (2) The welding between dissimilar nickel materials and nickel materials and austenitic stainless steel should consider the following factors: (7) ◇ The strength of the weld (including high temperature lasting strength), corrosion resistance to meet the design; (END) The article is excerpted from Chinese Version (Selection of Nickel based Alloy Welding Materials) by Tang Feng

TUNGSTEN CARBIDE ROLLER USED IN REBAR ROD ROLLING PRODUCTS INTRODUCE NAME WC ROLLER GRADE GR60A SIZE Φ210×Φ135×72 OD 210±0.02 ID 135+0.025 H 72-0.05 PROPERTY COMPOSITIONS Density g/cm-3 Hardness HRA Bending strength MPa Advantage WC WC 70 30 12.50~12.80 ≥78.0 ≥2300 1.excellent strength, wear resistance and thermal fatigue resistance; 2.suitable for rod and rebar steel, Composite roller ring. CASE MILL CONDITION ROD REBAR REBAR SIZE Φ12mm Mill roller equipment SMS(finishing mill 4stands) Total stands 21stands Temperature 1060℃ Speed 32m/s Water pressure 0.4-0.6Mpa Output amount 2000T Grinding amount 2.5mm Offline roller condition Normal abrasion

In this beautiful late fall with nearly 200 enterprises and institutions, scientific research colleges and universities from the country nearly 400 scholars, experts, thermal spray colleagues gathered in the sacred and beautiful historical and cultural city of Luoyang, to celebrate the thermal spraying event. October 31-November 2, 2023, organized by THERMAL SPRAYING DIVISION OF CHINA SURFACE ASSOCIATION, hosted by LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO.,LTD. and supported by NEW MATERIALS AND ADVANCED PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY FOR NONFERROUS METALS PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENT A COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION CENTER, LUOYANG LANGLI SURFACE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD., LUOYANG TUOTU INDUSTRY & TRADE CO.,LTD. and other supporting units co-organized the 26th International Thermal Spraying Seminar (ITSS′2023) and the 27th China National Thermal Spray Conference (CNTSC′2023) in Luoyang Huayang Plaza International Hotel was successfully convened.The number of domestic and foreign delegates attending the seminar and annual meeting reached a new high in the past years, and the number of people cataloged in the address book was as high as 342. SHANGHAI INSTITUTE OF CERAMICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, OERLIKON METCO SURFACE TECHNOLOGY (SHANGHAI) CO.,LTD., LINDE HIGH-TECH MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY CO.LTD., Höganäs AB, LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO.,LTD., TECNA CANADA, XI'AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, HENAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, BAOWU INSTITUTE OF CERAMICS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, ZHENGZHOU LIJIA THERMAL SPRAYING MACHINERY CO.,LTD., SURFACE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD., FACULTY OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NINGBO HAITIAN LASER MACHINERY MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD., FACULTY OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, KUNMING UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NINGBO HAITIAN LASER MACHINERY MANUFACTURING CO.,LTD, INSTITUTE OF METAL RESEARCH, SHENYANG UNIVERSITY, BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GTV CHINA, and other well-known domestic and foreign companies and scientific research institutions, experts and scholars, a total of more than 20 exciting thematic reports, some of the authors of the thesis paper reading, sharing and exchanging of domestic and foreign advanced thermal spraying technology, equipment, materials in a variety of industries, research, development, application and development trends, to explore the domestic and foreign thermal spraying community, and to discuss the development of the thermal spraying industry, the development of the thermal spraying industry. It will share and exchange the research, development, application and development trend of advanced thermal spraying technology, equipment and materials in many industries at home and abroad, discuss the cooperation of domestic and foreign thermal spraying industry in terms of technology and application, explore the application field, create trade opportunities, and promote the thermal spraying industry to face the domestic and foreign markets. At the same time, the Secretariat of China Thermal Spray Association will edit 20 papers into the Proceedings (electronic version) for publication and distribution. The report is wonderful and rich in content, with high technical level and content, strong specialization and application. Argumentations are scientific and productive, they has been recognized and praised by delegates. During the meeting, LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO.,LTD. prepared tea breaks for the delegates, and set up a sumptuous dinner to entertain delegates on night of November 1st. The host also organized a plant tour to visit LUOYANG GOLDEN EGRET GEOTOOLS CO., LTD., more than 270 participants attended this visiting. Delegates and the Council have expressed that the meeting was efficient, organized, successful and fruitful. (Excerpt from: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/X5TQwXaEgafQ22IjhHtR8g )

This year's Double Eleven is a bit cold, but the steel industry is hot. With the upcoming meeting between China and the US dollar, as well as the continuous stimulation of favorable policies, the steel industry seems to be in a frenzy in the near future. On the night of November 14th, the threaded steel reached a high of 3962 yuan/ton, and the industry cheered and cheered on the social media. However, industry insiders remind that steel prices are constantly rising, but the steel market is facing a dilemma of having prices but not a market, with demand still insufficient and shipments still very bleak. The current industry is in a frenzy, and the only factors affecting steel prices are political factors. Moreover, steel prices have been continuously rising, but they are like mirages and castles in the air, wary of the risk of decline. Since late October, the black sector has sounded the "clarion call" of price counterattack in the off-season under the stimulus of multiple macro positive expectations, such as the statement of the central finance announcing the issuance of an additional 1 trillion yuan of special treasury bond. Recently, the prices of black bulk products such as coal, coke, and steel have increased significantly. The prices of coking coal, iron ore, raw fuels, and threaded and hot-rolled steel have all exceeded the peak prices of the 1990s season. The spot prices of coke have also broken expectations for multiple rounds of price hikes and rapidly increased. From October 24th to the 11th of this month, the main contract prices of coking coal futures increased by more than 20%, and the main contract prices of coke and iron ore futures also increased by more than 15%. According to data from Business News Agency, the iron ore (Australia) index reached 121.82 on November 11th, and the spot price on Friday was at 991.78 yuan/ton, approaching the 1000 yuan mark. Industry practitioners and analysts believe that the increase in steel raw fuel prices this time is mainly due to two major factors: macro level and industry operating conditions, and the production situation in the production area also has a certain impact. Industry insiders said that the recent macro policies of real estate and the issuance of trillions of treasury bond have boosted the demand for steel, including Shenzhen's support for Vanke, which has also given confidence to the real estate market. Since the coal coke steel industry chain is closely related to real estate, most of the industry is optimistic about the market situation during this period. Li Guangbo, Chief Analyst of China Steel Network Information Research Institute, believes that this round of steel price increase is driven by both macro expectations and the strong increase in low inventory raw materials caused by steel mills not actively reducing production. At the same time, the contradiction in the inventory structure of the five major materials is not prominent. At present, the market price has risen by about 300 yuan/ton from a low level, mainly due to the impact of rising costs. Although the steel market is under structured inventory pressure, funds are more willing to buy long raw materials due to the resilience of steel production and low initial raw material inventory, which has a higher profit and loss ratio. Iron ore prices have finally broken through the previous high this time, and the expected "iron making" meeting has not arrived as scheduled. Goldman Sachs stated over the weekend that due to low inventory and declining production, the iron ore market is expected to experience shortages for the rest of this year, with global iron ore supply reduced from 1.557 billion tons to 1.536 billion tons in 2023. Goldman Sachs expects that the iron ore market will not experience oversupply this year, but rather a shortage of supply. Li Guangbo believes that as an important steel raw material, the increase in iron ore far exceeds that of threaded steel and hot coil, directly due to the relatively low inventory of iron ore at present and the high level of molten iron. However, the underlying reason is not so, there may be some "mysterious" force behind the unexpected rise in iron ore. From the trend of the Singapore Iron Ore Swap Index, the traces of artificial manipulation are very obvious. Due to the low trading volume of the index for a long time, the amount of funds required to manipulate the index does not need to be too much, but it can indirectly drive the rise and fall of Dalian iron ore prices. Supported by multiple positive factors such as market expectations and concerns, steel prices have gradually rebounded and steel companies' profits have gradually recovered. The price of the main contract RB2401 for rebar futures has increased from 3558 yuan/ton to 3908 yuan/ton, an increase of approximately 350 yuan/ton, or nearly 10%. The rebound in futures prices has also driven up spot prices, with Baosteel's latest domestic plate sales price for December 2023 generally increasing by 50-100 yuan/ton compared to November. The price of profiles in Tangshan has risen to around 3930 yuan/ton, with an increase of nearly 230 yuan/ton in this round. Due to climate reasons, the rise in steel prices has weak stimulation for terminal consumption in the northern region. Staff from steel sales enterprises in Hebei, Shandong, and other regions have stated that the market is currently entering a low season, with weak downstream demand. After the price increase, the market still shows sluggish transactions. Several industry chain insiders in Hebei and Shanxi have stated that the low inventory strategy of steel companies in the early stage was the main factor for them to maintain profitability during the downward cycle of the market. However, currently, steel companies are still struggling to maintain profitability. The manager of a steel trading company in the Tangshan region said, "There may still be room for growth in steel prices." He believes that due to the lower expectations of the Federal Reserve's interest rate hike or the gradual shift towards easing, and domestic macroeconomic policies exceeding expectations, the geopolitical conflicts in multiple regions around the world have intensified, leading to increased inflationary pressure on related commodities, which may gradually stabilize and rise. Some industry insiders are also concerned that the steel price has now reached a high level and there is too much risk in the later stage. The main reason for the current increase is driven by raw materials, especially the speculation of iron ore, and the strong nature of financial speculation has left the scope of supply and demand. At present, there is a monopolistic nature of short selling, similar to the Qingshan Nickel short selling and the Crude Oil Treasure incident. There are many short orders on iron ore futures, and if there are multiple orders, they will have to go up and harvest. If they do not achieve their goals, they will not stop. He suggested focusing on avoiding risks and lowering the inventory while taking advantage of high levels. Because no one knows when it suddenly falls, and when it falls, it is usually very fast and urgent, just like using a bow to shoot arrows, rising slowly like pulling a bow, and falling like shooting arrows. If the steel price is to rise to 4000 yuan/ton, there will need to be macro and peripheral positive factors, and we have not yet seen factors that can support it. Therefore, there is too much risk in the later stage, and it is recommended to avoid risks as a whole. A certain society believes that in the future, it will be decided whether there will be a large-scale increase in steel prices. Firstly, the macro China US interest rate difference will be repaired, and secondly, the weak recovery of Chinese real estate in the industry will be represented by these two driving factors The trend of the global economy and the expansion of total demand. If China takes the lead in restoring its economy, it will first start replenishing its inventory, and then the United States and Europe will fulfill the recession before continuing to replenish its inventory. This way, commodities can reproduce the strong bull market after 2020! But if the big driver of the rise does not come and instead awaits the Great Recession in the United States in advance, then commodities will reproduce the bear market pattern after 2013. Although the absolute price level will not replicate the past low points, the steel mills will have even more difficult times at that time.

We are honored to announce Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools will be the organizer of The 26th International Thermal Spray Seminar and the 27th China National Thermal Spraying Conference 2023. As the first hard-facing materials supplier in China, Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools hard-facing materials division focuses on the sales of thermal spray powder, laser cladding powder, PTA welding materials and other welding materials and cast tungsten carbide in China and overseas. The conference will be held during Oct 31st- Nov 2nd in Luoyang, many well-known domestic and foreign industry experts will attend. We welcome you to attend the 26th International Thermal Spray Seminar and the 27th China National Thermal Spraying Conference in Luoyang!

Since 2022, the steel market has taken a sharp turn for the worse, and with the decline in the global economic situation, the steel industry has also been greatly impacted. Steel companies are under enormous pressure. Steel prices plummeted, raw material costs rose, steel companies profit a large area of decline loss steel prices from the highest price of 4,880 yuan per ton in 2022, plummeted to the lowest of 3,300 yuan per ton in 2023, a plunge of 1,580 yuan per ton; Many iron and steel enterprises are operating in difficulties, forced to lay off employees to save themselves, and the number of workers in the steel industry has plummeted by more than 120,000 people in 13 months! Weak market demand at home and abroad, serious excess steel production capacity, and high production and operating costs are called the "three mountains" that are currently under pressure from steel companies in the industry. The "three mountains" have pushed the steel industry to the edge of a cliff. The main factors affecting steel consumption are housing construction, infrastructure and machinery manufacturing, of which housing construction accounts for nearly half. Since last year, due to the continuous adjustment of real estate investment, construction and sales market, the sales and profits of upstream steel enterprises have been greatly affected. Excess production is excess on the high point, lack of demand is also insufficient at the low point of the economy, the huge contrast caused by the decline in steel prices, so that many steel companies can not afford. According to statistics, as of the first half of 2023, the total assets of the 50 listed steel enterprises were 2375.885 billion yuan, the total liabilities were 1328.837 billion yuan, and the average asset-liability ratio was 49.12%, with an average year-on-year increase of 1.09%. Among them, there are 8 steel enterprises asset-liability ratio between 60% and 70%, respectively, Liusteel, Citic Special Steel, general special Material, Masteel, Shougang, Nangang, Yulong and Baotou Steel. There are five asset-liability ratios of more than 70%, respectively, 95.24% of *ST West Steel, 92.62% of Bayi Iron and Steel, 83.53% of Anyang Iron and Steel, 74.06% of JISCO Hongxing, and 73.06% of Hesteel shares. On the one hand, many steel enterprises lose money and reduce staff, on the other hand, a large number of new steel mills have been built. China recently has seven steel projects ready to start construction: 1, Jiangsu Yongsteel Group steel plant expansion project No. 3 new steel; 2. Nippon Steel Group's new steel project investment of 10 billion yuan, including two 3,000 cubic meter blast furnaces; 3, Tangshan Donghua integration and restructuring reduction replacement transformation and upgrading project steelmaking workshop project started; 4, Shagang Yongxing Special steel Anyang production capacity integration project started construction; 5. Xuzhou Jinhong Steel 130-ton green electric furnace project started; 6. The project of Henan Jinhui Industry Group started on September 6; 7, Anshan Iron and Steel Group to build six 100-ton converter started. This shows that in the current situation of the entire international steel market downturn, China has accelerated the upgrading and upgrading of steel enterprises, and a small number of backward production capacity, serious pollution, low efficiency and a large number of loss-making enterprises have been shut down and transferred. At the same time, the state has increased support for large steel enterprises with advanced technology, energy conservation and environmental protection, good benefits and promising market prospects. Eliminate those backward production capacity that are not suitable for market demand, and at the same time add some steel enterprises with good market prospects. The raw materials of steel are mainly iron ore and coke, although China is the world's first steel producing country, but our iron ore has long relied on foreign imports. At the same time, the pricing mechanism is also very passive, and the pricing power of iron ore is mainly in the hands of iron ore oligarchs such as British capital giants Rio Tinto, Vale, and BHP Billiton. They have long controlled the pricing power of iron ore in the international market, which has brought great uncertainty and high cost risks to the development of China's iron and steel industry. China is not without iron ore, China's iron ore is mainly the iron content of about 30% of the lean iron ore, need to go through beneficiation to enter the blast furnace smelting. And China's iron ore is mainly deep underground, mining difficulties, high cost, lack of competitiveness in the international market. Mining iron ore in Australia is very simple, very low cost, is to clean the grass on the surface of the mountain, and then use excavators to dig out the iron ore, through the conveyor belt to the train, and then through the train to the port, on the sea to China or India. The main cost is the total cost of transporting, mining and transporting each ton of iron ore plus only $19 per ton, while selling to China costs $120 per ton, and each ton of iron ore sold adds $100 to the wealth of the Australian government. Western Australia, Rio Tinto's main iron ore mining area, is rich enough to buy stones on the ground. Rio Tinto, a supplier of high-quality iron ore to China's biggest steel mills, earns billions of dollars a year from China. Often spend a lot of effort on what kind of price war in China, through the extremely rich resources and high-grade iron ore and the monopoly operation of capital giant Rio Tinto, they are in a position of confidence for a long time, and occupy the price dominance for a long time. Chinese steel mills have a great market dependence on Australian iron ore, Rio Tinto understood our lack of rich iron ore in China's national conditions, sitting on the price, so that we were once at a disadvantage, heavy losses. At present, China's real estate is in a downward stage and flagging, which to some extent also accelerated the overcapacity of China's steel industry, making the steel industry worse. China's steel industry has come to this step today, we can't help but ask, what happened to the steel industry? Steel industry has come to today, we should reflect on what? In the view of the industry, the steel industry is in such trouble, mainly to pay for the disorderly expansion in the early stage. As a strong cyclical industry, the cyclical boom and bust of the steel industry should be very normal. Generally speaking, the steel industry is highly related to economic growth, and over the past decade, with the rapid development of China's economy, especially the investment driven infrastructure and real estate industry, China's crude steel production has jumped from 100 million tons to 1,013 million tons. It can be assumed that if the steel industry began in 2006, in accordance with the unified deployment of the country, the elimination of backward production capacity, and the integration of the industry, today's situation would not appear. From the early lessons of the photovoltaic industry, we can see the future of the steel industry, the reshuffle will be very cruel. No matter what industry, do not respect the law of the market, will be mercilessly punished by the market. For the current trend of the steel market is that the industry reshuffle is inevitable, and after the tide has retreated, the survival of the fittest is an inevitable trend.

Steelmakers talk about how to improve the profits of steel mills. The general direction is to reduce consumption, improve quality, shorten rhythm, ensure that one furnace is a furnace, and avoid waste is the bottom line. Specifically speaking, there are the following points: 1. Strictly control the loading amount, such as the tare, gross weight and net weight of scrap and molten iron loaded on site, must be known. The proportion of scrap steel structure shall be loaded in accordance with the prescribed proportion. Easy to operate stably and accurately. 2. Improve your life. The temperature is controlled well, the end carbon is lifted, and the cost of the alloy deoxidation operation is reduced. 3. Steel must be out of the net, there can be no leftover steel. 4. The alloy ratio is narrow. 5. Control calcium consumption. 6. Ensure that production goes straight, and the interruption of production is the biggest and most direct waste of cost reduction. Put an end to the revision of steel grades. Correction is to sell high-priced steel into low-priced steel. 7. Recycle scrap steel. Bale edge, billet head, wool iron in slag field, and intermediate bale block must be recovered and digested during shift. 8. Put an end to the small waste around you, although it is small, accumulate more, it will be big. In the work, strictly control various small indicators, carefully consider the process, summarize the law, give full play to the operating advantages of the low limit, and form a variety of cost-reducing operation tips. In fact, the most critical thing to complete 10 files of profit is to open your mind, dare to think, dare to fight, don't be bound by the old experience of the past, can't do it, do it again. It is not dry, Shouting, this is not, that is not according to, it must be difficult to open the scene. Industry Keywords: Mill of rolling line, Carbide roller, Steel wire rod,

Industry leaders have long tasked their development and research teams to create coatings that are wear resistant. Numerous industries benefit from coatings that can tolerate an environment that is corrosive, such as that offered by solvent-based inks, chemicals, and even water under the right circumstances. Additionally, when surfaces roll together or rub against each other, abrasive wear occurs, as well. The chromium oxide coatings used today create ceramic, hard surfaces which stand up better to any number of threats. The process of applying chromium oxide coatings using a plasma torch involves injecting powdered coating material into the torch. Through an arc, this powder passes while a plasma flame produces heat. The coating material is melted by this heat which allows it to better adhere to the desired soon-to-be-coated parts. Chromium Oxide Coating`s Plasma Torch Used to apply a coating, the plasma torch is named for the ionized gas – gas plasma – that it uses. To an anode or nozzle, nitrogen gas flows through the torch. With a welding power supply, it is positively charged. Positioned near the anode in the gas stream, a cathode creates an electrical arc by being connected to the negative side of the power supply. Through this high energy arc, the gas flows and ionizes. The resulting heat produces great pressure because it makes the gas expand. Through a nozzle opening in the anode, this pressure escapes, forming a high velocity stream of expanding, hot, plasma flame. What`s So Great about Chromium Oxide Coating? No matter what industry uses chromium oxide coatings, there are few things not to love about all its benefits. It is hard, corrosion resistant, offers a high bonding strength (to the surface of whatever part it is applied to), and offers a smoother coating surface than many other coatings. 1. Hardness – On the Vickers scale, chromium oxide measures 1300 on average. In an operating environment, greater wear resistance is created by greater hardness. 2. Bonding strength – Increased bonding strength means that even in the most demanding applications, this coating will stay in place. From solvent or water that would otherwise weep through a more porous coating, it protects the surface beneath in a manner that discourages coating bond failure. 3. Smoother surface coating – The resulting surface is smoother thanks to the low porosity. To meet the stringent expectations of numerous industries, this coating offers corrosion resistance and a hard surface while retaining all the benefits of the desirable properties held by chromium oxide. The Medical Industry and Chromium Oxide Coatings Though numerous industries throughout the world make good use of chromium oxide coatings, they are used on a regular basis in the medical industry. These coatings are applied to orthopedic implants such as hip replacements. It helps to discourage rejection and allows medically inserted parts to last longer. Uses in other industries: 1. To seal equipment surfaces (this is of particular significance in the food processing industry). 2. Where seals are used, this coating can enhance their properties. 3. Wear and abrasion resistance are increased through the use of this coating. 4. Where bearings are used, this coating offers added protection. GPSCr2O3 is a modified sintered and high purity oxide creamic powder and thermal spray powder especially used for laser engraved Anilox rolls for the printing industry. The coatings are metal free, dense and homogeneous and provide excellent wear resistance and chemical stability. In contrast to classical fused/crushed Cr2O3 powders, edges and corners are smoothed to enhance feeding behaviour and reduce injector wear. It is suitable for all classical and all modern multi cathode plasma systems. Resulting coatings are of low porosity and of high hardness if the right combination of spray parameter and powder particle size is applied. Cr2O3 powder can be used for thermal spray coating like flame spray coating and plasma spray coating. At the same time, we also have other products for you to choose from, please contact us! Article source: A&A Coatings

On August 2, 2023, the Fortune Plus app released the latest Fortune Global 500 list in sync with the world. According to the list, among the top 500 companies this year, there are a total of 17 in steel industry, with Chinese steel companies occupying 11 positions; Compared to the number of steel companies listed on the Fortune Global 500 in 2022, which decreased by two, Tata Steel and Shandong Steel Group were not included in the list. In the 2023 Fortune Global 500 list, there were a total of 17 steel companies in the steel industry. Among them, Baowu ranked first in the world's steel industry with a revenue of approximately $161.7 billion, while ArcelorMittal and POSCO Steel ranked second and third in the world with revenue of $79.8 billion and $65.8 billion respectively. Among the 17 steel companies on the list, there are a total of 11 Chinese steel companies, including five private steel companies, namely Qingshan Holdings, Jingye Group, Shagang Group, Delong Group, and Jianlong Group. Although the strength of the steel industry cannot be underestimated, looking at the entire business community, the ranking and revenue of the steel industry in 2023 are not significant. Among the top 100 of the Fortune Global 500, only China's Baowu is on the list, and among the top 200, only Baowu and ArcelorMittal are on the list. Industry Keywords: Carbide roller, Steel wire rod, Mill of rolling line

ITSC 2023: [Next-Generation Thermal Spraying for Future Surfaces" This year, ITSC brings thermal spray scientists, technologists, manufacturers and suppliers from all around the world to Quebec city, Canada from May 22 to 24. This year's theme is "Next-Generation Thermal Spraying for Future Surfaces." The exhibition will feature: comprehensive technical programming; dedicated networking with more than 100 companies during the exhibition; keynote sessions featuring high-profile industry leaders; education short courses; and special networking events. We will be at booth #507 as well as in the Convention Centre where we will present our latest scientific developments. The products of Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co., Ltd. include but are not limited to: HVOF powder, HVAF spray powder, ID-spray, PTA welding powder, laser cladding powder, chromium carbide-based thermal spray powder, etc. For example, our thermal spray powder is mainly used in petrochemical valves, geological and mining tools, injection molding screws, printing machinery parts, etc. The coating made of XTC hard-facing materials has a stronger wear resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. Our products can be widely used in oil and gas, steel, paper, water conservancy, energy, mining, construction machinery and other industries. Welcome visit us at booth #507 to have a further discussion.

Dear All, We are glad to inform you that Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools Co., Ltd will attend 2023 International Thermal Spray Conference (ITSC) in Quebec City from 22nd May to 25th May. Welcome visiting us at booth 507, we are looking forward to have a happy discussion with you face to face. Best Regards, XTC Luoyang Plant

In October, in order to promote the continuous improvement of the company's chefs and kitchen skills, promote the innovation of canteen dishes, and improve the quality of catering services. On the afternoon of October 25th, the Luoyang Golden Egret Enterprise Management Department held the annual chef skill competition in the company's guest restaurant. This skill competition is divided into two groups. In order to ensure the fairness of the scoring, the competition invited seven leaders and colleagues from different business departments (departments) to form a jury for on-site scoring. The first event of the competition is the table setting competition for 8 people. This project requires five chefs to complete the work of tableware placement and storage meticulously and quickly according to the reception standards of the guest restaurant. It is intended to examine the basic operation skills of the chefs and the table etiquette. The second round is the potato peeling competition. Five chefs peel five potatoes each. The shorter the time and the cleaner the peeling, the higher the score is. The third round is to estimate the price of dishes. The seven judges randomly order dishes according to the menu. The contestants can calculate the total price of the dishes reported by the judges in the shortest time. It improves the speed of kitchen staff's settlement of meal prices, and provides a better dining experience for the majority of employees. It was followed by the chef skill competition, which was divided into two categories: knife skills competition and cooking competition. The first thing to do was the knife skill competition - cutting potato shreds. Under the order of the host of the competition, the four chefs raised the knife and cut the potatoes thinly and evenly. The jury judges which chef has the most exquisite knife skills in terms of the uniform thickness of the potato shreds and the cutting speed. In the culinary skills competition, each of the four chefs made a fried potato shreds and homemade dishes, while the pastry chef prepared two specific staple dishes for the competition. Each chef has shown his special skills, showing his skills in pots and pans, washing vegetables, cutting vegetables, stir-frying, and serving dishes... From cutting to ingredients, from potting to arranging, every processing procedure is in an orderly manner. Dishes with excellent color, aroma and taste were constantly presented in front of everyone, stirring the taste buds of the judges on site. After fierce competition and fierce competition, the judges of the competition commented and scored the food works on the spot, and highly affirmed the on-site performance of the chefs and kitchen workers.

XTC Luoyang plant (Luoyang Gloden Egret Geotools Co., Ltd) wishes all friends a happy Mid-Autumn Festival! No matter where we are, we enjoy the same moon and wish you all the best! Our holiday time is 9th -11th September and will resume work on 12th September, 2022. XTC Luoyang devotes itself to be a premium hardfacing materials service supplier, and it`s our pleasure to cooperate with you on HVOF powder, HVAF powder, ID-SPRAY powder, Laser cladding powder, PTA powder, tungsten carbide welding rod, tungsten carbide grits, and additive manufacturing material etc.

A good news said that our powder (Fe-based metal alloy) got the praise from the end user regarding the quality and conforrmity. Meanwhile, coating performances are beyond the expectation. the customer is quite happy with it. Luoyang Golden Egret Geotools is specilized in powder manufacturing. The main products are Thermal spray powder (WC-based/CrC-based), metal alloy, welding materials and cast tungsten carbide.